The Iranian astronomer al-Biruni (973 - 1048 epoch) says that Caliph Umar (583 - 644 epoch) started the calculation of the Islamic year in 638 AD. After the Muslim conquest of Mecca, the leap month was abolished to create a purely lunar calendar. According to some sources, it was a lunisolar calendar, in which a leap month (nasi) was regularly inserted to calculate the length of the months following the phases of the moon and the time of the solar year. The modern Hijri calendar is based on and uses month names similar to the pre-Islamic calendar used by the ancient Arabs. They are called Ibadis today and are known for their radical fundamentalism. Kharijites– This sect distanced itself from the Shias due to disagreements over the selection of a new leader. However, they also observe some Zoroastrian and Christian events. These followers also have the same beliefs as the Shias. It was founded in Detroit, Michigan in the 1930s.Īlawite- This Shia sect is prevalent in Syria. Nation of Islam- This is also a Sunni sect, mostly comprised of African-Americans. Also, the Wahhabis follow a strict interpretation of their religion, which was provided by Muhammad bin Abd al-Wahhab. This includes members of the Tamim tribe in Saudi Arabia. Wahhabi- this group belongs to the Sunni sect and was founded in the 18th century. Other types of minor Muslim hegemony also exist between Sunni and Shia groups. They accept that the real successors of Muhammad were his son-in-law Ali and his descendants. Shia: Large numbers of Shia Muslims are present in some countries including Iran, Syria, and Iraq. These people believe that the true successors of Muhammad were the first four caliphs. Sunni: They constitute about 90% of the total Muslim population worldwide. Before we go into detail about Islam religion and its festivals, it is very important to know that there are two major Muslim sects in Islam religion- Sunni and Shia But nothing can happen without the permission of Allah. Muslims believe that even though humans have free will. The word Islam translates to "subject to the will of God", so Muslims who follow Islam live their lives for their God, Allah. Talking about the formation of Islam religion, it started in Mecca (modern Saudi Arabia) during the lifetime of Prophet Muhammad. Whereas all other major religions have a much older history. Looking at the historical scenario, the religion of Islam was formed in the 7th century. In this way, Islam is followed by the second largest number of people in the world after Christianity. There are over 1.8 billion Muslims around the world. It is also known as the Hijri calendar or the Muslim calendar. People of the Muslim religion use the Islamic calendar 2023 to determine the dates of religious events.
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